2.1. INTRODUCTION
The Construction and demolition wastes are the wastes generated whenever any construction/demolition activity takes place, such as, building roads, bridges, fly over, subway, remodeling etc. It consists mostly of inert and non-biodegradable material such as concrete, plaster, metal, wood, plastics etc. A part of this waste comes to the municipal stream. These wastes are heavy, having high density, often bulky and occupy considerable storage space either on the road or communal waste bin/container. It is not uncommon to see huge piles of such waste, which is heavy as well, stacked on roads especially in large projects, resulting in traffic congestion and disruption. Waste from small generators like individual house construction or demolition, find its way into the nearby municipal bin/vat/waste storage depots, making the municipal waste heavy and degrading its quality for further treatment like composting or energy recovery. Often it finds its way into surface drains, choking them. It constitutes about 10-20 % of the municipal solid waste (excluding large construction projects). Construction and demolition wastes are one of the largest waste streams in the country, it must be recycled on the large scale so as to reduce the amount of the C&D waste.
There are two components to the characterization of construction and demolition waste: (1) composition and (2) quantity. The composition of the waste is defined by the type of included constituent components. The quantity of C&D waste is based either on the volume or weight of the debris depending on the requirement of the hauler/processor. One objective of this report is to add two additional components within this description: recyclability and salvageability. The recyclability of a material is defined as its potential for reuse after some form of substantial processing. Processing may take the form of reduction of the debris to its constituent materials.
The salvageability of materials is defined as the potential to reuse them in their current state.
(This Chapter is continue.....)
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